Circadian clock assessment method in humans

The mammalian circadian clock.

Organisms populating the earth are under the steady influence of daily and seasonal changes resulting from the planet's rotation and orbit around the sun. This periodic pattern most prominently manifested by the light-dark cycle has led to the establishment of endogenous circadian timing systems that synchronize biological functions to the environment. The mammalian circadian system is composed...

Insect circadian clock outputs.

Insects display an impressive variety of daily rhythms, which are most evident in their behaviour. Circadian timekeeping systems that generate these daily rhythms of physiology and behaviour all involve three interacting elements: the timekeeper itself (i.e. the clock), inputs to the clock through which it entrains and otherwise responds to environmental cues such as light and temperature, and ...

SnapShot: Circadian Clock Proteins

Mechanism of the Circadian Clock in Physiology Mechanism of the circadian clock in physiology

Richards J, Gumz ML. Mechanism of the circadian clock in physiology. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 304: R1053–R1064, 2013. First published April 10, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00066.2013.—It has been well established that the circadian clock plays a crucial role in the regulation of almost every physiological process. It also plays a critical role in pathophysiological states including ...

Interactions of polymorphisms in different clock genes associated with circadian phenotypes in humans

Several studies have shown that mutations and polymorphisms in clock genes are associated with abnormal circadian parameters in humans and also with more subtle non-pathological phenotypes like chronotypes. However, there have been conflicting results, and none of these studies analyzed the combined effects of more than one clock gene. Up to date, association studies in humans have focused on t...